With the development of 3D printing industry, it has gradually grown into a key industry that can meet the needs of industrial production and realize the transformation of manufacturing industry. New industrial chains derived from 3D printing technology, such as design, software, materials and digital manufacturing, are gradually optimizing traditional manufacturing and building a new manufacturing ecology. However, with the rapid growth of the industry, the short board of 3D printing technology and talent construction in China has become an important obstacle to the higher level of the industry. Solving the problem of talent training has become an urgent task for the development of the industry——
Recently, the 5th World 3D printing technology industry conference, with the theme of "3D printing redefines manufacturing industry", was held in Dali Town, Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. 3D printing technology, also known as "additive manufacturing technology", originated from rapid prototyping technology. At present, the domestic 3D printing technology mainly "embraces" home appliances and consumer electronics, mold testing, medical and dental orthodontics, cultural creativity and cultural relic restoration, automobile and other means of transportation, aerospace and other industries.
Speed up development and broad market
During the conference, HP and Guangdong (DALI) 3D printing collaborative innovation platform announced that a new industrial 3D printing customization center was officially launched in Guangdong. The newly established LANWAN intelligent HP 3D printing technology mass customization center will deploy 10 hp multijet fusion 3D printing systems to build the largest 3D printing industrial Internet platform in China, to meet the high requirements of industrial grade production for 3D printing speed, product quality and economic applicability, and to provide technical support for Foshan automobile Customers of consumer goods and motorcycles and customers of other industries in Dawan District provide large-scale mass production services, which can provide supporting services from design end to application end and from application end to product end for more than 20000 small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises every year, and promote traditional manufacturing enterprises to speed up the process of "R & D design creation".
According to Luo Jun, founder and executive director of China 3D printing technology industry alliance, in 2012, China's 3D printing market reached 161 million US dollars; By 2016, China's 3D printing industry had reached US $1.187 billion, with a compound growth rate of 49.11%“ As a new manufacturing technology, 3D printing has unique advantages in timely manufacturing, complex manufacturing, personalized manufacturing, manufacturing in special environment, arbitrary manufacturing and so on. The new industrial chain of design, software, materials and digital manufacturing derived from it is gradually optimizing traditional manufacturing and building a new manufacturing ecology. " Luo Jun said.
Looking at the global market, 3D printing will promote the development of the global 12 trillion dollar traditional manufacturing market. In view of the support of industrial policy and fiscal policy, it is preliminarily estimated that China's 3D printing market will reach about 6.19 billion US dollars by 2022.
Unlimited potential of subdivided industries
Biological 3D printing refers to the rapid production of medical related products through technical design with biomedical materials and cells as new discrete materials. At present, biological 3D printing can be divided into four levels: medical assistant model, artificial prosthesis, tissue engineering scaffold, living cell printing and artificial organ. It is estimated that by 2024, the scale of 3D printing medical market will reach 9.639 billion yuan.
According to Liu Zhongjun, director of the Department of general surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Peking University, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Peking University has successfully completed the world's first 3D printing spinal implant operation. Liu Zhongjun believes that if microporous prosthesis is used as a carrier, 3D printing technology can also be turned into 4D printing technology, that is, to increase some local effects of drugs and enrich functions, which will become one of the future development trends of biological 3D printing technology.
In terms of biomaterials and tissue engineering, according to Huang Wenhua, Professor of Southern Medical University, biomaterials suitable for 3D printing technology have become a research hotspot. 3D printing technology can greatly reduce medical costs and has huge market space. For example, through 3D scanning technology and 3D printing technology, private customized medical protective devices can perfectly fit human skeletal muscles. A set of 3D printing protective devices may only cost about 2000 yuan, which is better than tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of Yuan medical protective devices on the market.
For the casting and forging industry, the manufacturing process requires the separation of casting and forging, welding and milling, requires a lot of processes and equipment, and has a long time and heavy pollution. Zhang Haiou, Professor of Huazhong University of science and technology, introduced that 3D casting forging milling integrated manufacturing technology can obtain better forging performance than traditional forging.
In the field of metal 3D printing, there are mainly two modes of powder laying and powder feeding. According to Professor Yang Yongqiang of South China University of technology, the selective melting of powder spreading laser is a model, which is transported to the machine through slicing software for selective melting or selective melting, and then stacked layer by layer to make parts with very complex internal structure. Yang Yongqiang believes that if the technology of additive and in-situ material reduction is combined, it will be a very good development trend to improve the quality and efficiency of manufacturing means.
Technical talents need to be strengthened
Although 3D printing technology continues to develop and the scale of the industry continues to expand, the problem of talent shortage has always plagued the industry further.
"Recruitment is very difficult. At present, the supply of talents in the industry is obviously insufficient, especially the middle and senior talents with working experience. Practitioners generally lack 3D printing professional skills, and the work of re training and re employment is arduous. " Luo Jun said.
Luo Jun believes that we must start with education to cultivate more 3D printing engineers. Through strengthening cooperation with international top scientific research institutions, we will build laboratories, R & D centers and research institutes to solve the problem of shortage of core technology and core talents in China's 3D printing industry.
At present, almost half of the global 3D printing application market is occupied by the United States, 30% in Europe, and less than 10% in China. There is still a lack of top-level design, core talents, and deep application. Li Lin, academician of Royal College of engineering and director of advanced laser engineering center of Manchester University, believes that 3D printing technology is of great significance to promote the transformation and upgrading of China's traditional industries. It is necessary to vigorously promote the demonstration application and scientific popularization of 3D printing, timely follow the international development trend and strengthen international cooperation.
In China's existing education system, 3D printing undergraduate specialty has not been set up, but only in the graduate stage. In the future, we need to build a comprehensive education system. Li zongjin, deputy dean of the school of technology, Hong Kong University of science and technology, believes that many of the problems mentioned in 3D printing are at the technical level, and it is necessary to extract the technical problems so that doctoral students and other higher-level talents can concentrate on tackling them.
He bin, general manager of Suzhou infinite 3D Technology Industry Co., Ltd., believes that the talent training of 3D printing industry should start from practice, and hopes that the majority of 3D printing industry entrepreneurs can take the initiative“ With the completion of LANWAN intelligent and HP 3D printing batch center platform, 12 interns from Guangzhou Baiyun University in the past two days have been able to contact with advanced equipment, carry out equipment operation and debugging practice, and stimulate their learning spirit. I hope that more students can re understand 3D printing from the perspective of practice, re explore more connotation of 3D printing, and find their own development direction. " He Bin said.
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